Performance characteristics of knitted fabrics formed from various fibers

? Textile raw materials are natural fibers (cotton, wool, silk, hemp), rayon (viscose fiber, acetate fiber) and various synthetic fibers (nylon, polyester, acrylic, polypropylene) and other yarns (yarn is made of fiber plus It is formed by twisting; the line is made of two or more yarns and twisted) can be used to produce knitted fabrics.

Performance directly affects the performance of the various fibers of the knitted fabric made of it, instead of using different fibers or blended yarn interleaving process is an important way to improve the properties of fabric.

First, cotton knitted fabric

Pure cotton knit fabric has good hygroscopicity, heat resistance, water wash resistance, alkali resistance and good skin feel. It is a good material for sewing all kinds of underwear, baby clothes, casual clothes, sportswear and summer coats. Cotton knit outerwear generally uses high-grade raw cotton with long fibers, and singeing and anti-shrinking finishing of yarn or grey fabric to improve gloss and stiffness. In addition, it is widely used in blending or interlacing with fibers such as hemp, acrylic, cotton, polyester, and viscose.

The silk cover cotton (commonly known as polyester cover cotton) knitted fabric that has been popular in the market is made of polyester yarn on the surface (polyester filament is often used for single-sided silk cover cotton, polyester low-elastic yarn is often used for double-sided silk cover cotton). It is interwoven with pure cotton yarn . It not only has the excellent properties of pure cotton products such as breathability and moisture absorption, but also has the characteristics of beautiful polyester fabric, anti-wrinkle and non-ironing, easy to wash and dry, and crisp. It is widely used to sew sportswear. And outerwear.

In the current trend of “returning to nature”, pure cotton knitwear products are favored, especially high-quality “Joesa” fabrics that are woven with singeed and mercerized fabrics (ie, beaded mesh fabrics, abroad). Also known as PK cloth), it is more suitable for sewing summer coats and fashion.

Second, silk knit silk

Silk (mulberry silk) knitted silk has the characteristics of lightness, smoothness, elasticity, moisture absorption, good appearance, comfortable wearing, antibacterial and health care, and has better elasticity and tamper resistance than woven silk. Washing resistance, so more and more consumers are favored, silk fiber is known as the "fiber queen", is one of the best raw materials for sewing high-end clothing . Especially in recent years, the continuous application and development of new equipment, new processes and new products have led to the expansion of silk (mulberry silk) knitted fabrics from adapting to the production of underwear to outerwear fashion, which is very popular in the domestic and foreign markets.

However, in the textile production and processing of silk, the conditions are very strict, and most of them are softly processed (ie, treated by foaming) before they can be woven on the machine.

Third, wool knitted products

Wool knitting products made of wool or special animal hair are soft to the touch, good in wrinkle resistance, elasticity, warmth and moisture absorption, acid and alkali resistant, easy to "felt" in lye, easy to worm. Wool yarns or yarns are mostly used for forming or semi-formed weaving (such as woolen sweaters), and weaving of "José" fabrics with wool and acrylic or polyester blended yarns to sew outerwear or gloves. Nowadays, on the knitting circular machine, the knitted fabric made of wool and polyester blend is light in weight, good in recovery and good in fastness, easy to wash, quick-drying and stable in size, but the hand feels no smoothness of pure wool products.

Fourth, hemp knitting products

There are many types of hemp, but the main products used for knitting are ramie and flax. Hemp knitwear has a cool touch, good moisture absorption, and is four times stronger than wool. The wet strength is 70% higher than when dry.

Knitted fabric made of ramie fiber is characterized by fast moisture absorption, good gloss, and cool and breathable. It is suitable for making summer clothes and bed sheets. Hemp knitwear has poor resistance to smudging and abrasion. The surface of the fabric is more fluffy. If it is clothing, it needs to be singeed and mercerized to reduce the feeling of itching on the skin.

Hemp fiber used to be less used in China's knitting industry in the past, but it has developed rapidly in recent years. Through the research on the denaturation of hemp fiber, the application range has been expanded, the variety of flowers and colors has been increasing, and in the production of knitting, hemp fiber is currently used. The products formed by blending or interlacing chemical fibers are also favored by consumers.

Five, polyester knitted fabric

Polyester woven knitted fabrics, the biggest feature is the crease resistance and shape retention, the fabric is crisp and wrinkle-free, dimensionally stable, easy to wash and dry, is beyond the reach of other fiber and chemical fiber fabrics. Another advantage is the strength. However, the moisture absorption of polyester must be poor, and the polyester fabric should not be close to the fire.

In recent years, polyester fibers have been used in large quantities as raw materials for weft-knitted and warp-knitted fabrics. Nowadays, an ultra-fine polyester filament, which is less than 0.011 tex (0.1 denier), is popular in the market, and special-shaped spinning process is used to sew various types of profiled fibers. It has many excellent characteristics and is processed silk and imitation deer. The main raw material for leather knitwear. In particular, weft-knitted fabrics are used more for polyester/cotton (T/C) blended yarns, and are used to weave fabrics such as plain weaves and fleece. .

Sixth, acrylic knitted fabric

Acrylic fiber is also the main raw material in the knitting industry. Therefore, the performance of the fiber is similar to wool. It has the name of “all-in-one wool”. It has a fluffy softness and warmth. The wool is about 15% higher, has good elasticity, and has good sunlight resistance, but has poor wear resistance and hygroscopicity. Therefore, it is not suitable for making knitwear that is often rubbed, such as socks and gloves.

Seven, polypropylene knitted fabric

Polypropylene, a polypropylene fiber, is currently the cheapest synthetic fiber. The fabric produced by polypropylene weaving has high strength and strong chemical resistance, but the dyeing performance is poor, the light resistance is poor, and the temperature is not high. After the fabric is exposed to sunlight, the strength is obviously reduced. Knitted by polypropylene filament weaving, the fabric has anti-hook and anti-pilling effect.

At present, the knitting fabrics produced by the knitting enterprises using fine-denier polypropylene yarn (commonly known as “Montess”) are better in moisture permeability and smoothness. After sweating, they will automatically send the sweat to the outer surface of the garment and disperse. The fabric is delicate, soft, drape, light and elegant.

Eight, nylon knitwear

Nylon fiber has good strength and moisture retention, best wear resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, insect resistance, good dyeability, and thermoplasticity, which can be used for permanent deformation processing. Elastic nylon yarns are commonly used in circular weft knitting machines, flat knitting machines or warp knitting machines to prepare a variety of sportswear, swimwear, nylon stretch shirts or outerwear fabrics.

Nine, new fiber knitted fabric

With the advancement of science and technology, new fibers are constantly coming out and the modified deformation treatment of existing textile raw materials has promoted the advancement of spinning technology, and many new raw materials have emerged, providing a great space for the production of knitted fabrics.

Knitted fabrics made from new fibers not only have a unique style, but also have the advantages of comfort, health care, functionality, etc., as well as perspiration, moisture absorption, etc., and are products with great market potential.

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